ة.

ة (tāʔ marbūṭa) is a variant of the letter ت (tāʔ) used at the end of words. It is formed from the letter ه (hāʔ) with the addition of the two overdots of ت (tāʔ).

Used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives.

Used to form feminine nouns from masculine nouns referring to people.

Used to form singulative nouns (referring to one item) from collective nouns (referring to a collection of items).

بَقَر (baqar, “cattle”) + ـَة (-a) → بَقَرَة (baqara, “a cow”)

شَجَر (šajar, “trees”) + ـَة (-a) → شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”)

Suffix used to form instance nouns (nomina vicis, referring to a single instance of an action) from verbal nouns.

اِبْتِسَام (ibtisām, “smiling”) + ـَة (-a) → اِبْتِسَامَة (ibtisāma, “a smile”)

اِنْتِفَاض (intifāḍ, “rising up, shaking off”) + ـَة (-a) → اِنْتِفَاضَة (intifāḍa, “an uprising, an intifada”)

Used to form abstract nouns from nisba adjectives in ـِيّ (-iyy). Alternatively, the combination of the two suffixes can be viewed as a single suffix ـِيَّة (-iyya).

اِشْتِرَاكِيّ (ištirākiyy, “socialist”) + ـَة (-a) → اِشْتِرَاكِيَّة (ištirākiyya, “socialism”)

Used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. دَبَّابَة (dabbāba, “tank”) from دَبَّاب (dabbāb, “crawling, crawler”)) and from active participles (e.g. طَابِعَة (ṭābiʕa, “printer (computing device)”) from طَابِع (ṭābiʕ, “printer (person)”)).

Used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, قَرِينَة (qarīna, “connection”) from قَرِين (qarīn, “connected”) or مُعَلَّقَة (muʕallaqa, “poster, placard”) from مُعَلَّق (muʕallaq, “suspended”).