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GERMAN · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

sich.

Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular or plural: herself, himself, itself, oneself, themselves (in both dative and accusative)

4 characters1 syllables approx.Deutsch language

Meaning & usage

pron/zɪç/
  1. Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular or plural: herself, himself, itself, oneself, themselves (in both dative and accusative)

    accusative · dative · form-of · pronoun · reflexive
  2. Reciprocal pronoun of the third person plural: each other (in both dative and accusative)

    accusative · dative
Where this word comes from

From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Compare Yiddish זיך (zikh), Dutch zich. Unrelated to sicher. This pronoun was originally restricted to the accusative case, while simple personal pronouns were used in the dative. Dative use of sich in Middle High German was restricted to northern dialects of Central German. In Early Modern German, a rare dative sir also occurred, formed by analogy with mir, dir. An obstacle to the generalisation of this form was the use of sich in the plural, where there operated the conflicting analogy with the merged accusative/dative forms uns, euch.

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sich studiosich workshello, sich

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.