and.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other.
Meaning & usage
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Used simply to connect two noun phrases, adjectives or adverbs.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Simply connecting two clauses or sentences.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Introducing a clause or sentence which follows on in time or consequence from the first.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Yet; but.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (now dated); connecting shillings to pence in a monetary quantity (now historical); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Connecting two identical elements, with implications of continued or infinite repetition.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Introducing a parenthetical or explanatory clause.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Introducing the continuation of narration from a previous understood point; also used alone as a question: ‘and so what?’.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Used to connect two verbs where the second is dependent on the first: ‘to’. Used especially after come, go and try.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Introducing a qualitative difference between things having the same name; “as well as other”.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other. Used to combine numbers in addition; plus (with singular or plural verb).
Expressing a condition. If; provided that.
Expressing a condition. As if, as though.
Connecting two well-formed formulas to create a new well-formed formula that requires it to only be true when both of the two formulas are true.
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Proto-Germanic *andi Old English and Middle English and English and Inherited from Middle English and, an, from Old English and, ond, end, from Proto-West Germanic *andi, from Proto-Germanic *andi, *anþi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Cognate with Scots an (“and”), North Frisian än (“and”), Saterland Frisian un (“and”), West Frisian en (“and”), Dutch en, ende (“and”), German und (“and”), German Low German on, un (“and”), Luxembourgish an (“and”), Vilamovian an, ana (“and”), Yiddish און (un), אונ (un), אונד (und), אונ׳ (un', “and”), Danish end (“still; ever; even”), Faroese enn (“still, yet”), Icelandic en (“and”), enn (“still, yet”), Norwegian Bokmål enn (“and”), Norwegian Nynorsk en, enn (“and”), Swedish än (“still, yet”), Albanian edhe (“and”) (dialectal ênde, ênne), ende (“still, yet, therefore”), Latin ante (“opposite, in front of”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite, facing”). Doublet of an ("if").
In rhythm, the second half of a divided beat.
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Proto-Germanic *andi Old English and Middle English and English and Inherited from Middle English and, an, from Old English and, ond, end, from Proto-West Germanic *andi, from Proto-Germanic *andi, *anþi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Cognate with Scots an (“and”), North Frisian än (“and”), Saterland Frisian un (“and”), West Frisian en (“and”), Dutch en, ende (“and”), German und (“and”), German Low German on, un (“and”), Luxembourgish an (“and”), Vilamovian an, ana (“and”), Yiddish און (un), אונ (un), אונד (und), אונ׳ (un', “and”), Danish end (“still; ever; even”), Faroese enn (“still, yet”), Icelandic en (“and”), enn (“still, yet”), Norwegian Bokmål enn (“and”), Norwegian Nynorsk en, enn (“and”), Swedish än (“still, yet”), Albanian edhe (“and”) (dialectal ênde, ênne), ende (“still, yet, therefore”), Latin ante (“opposite, in front of”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite, facing”). Doublet of an ("if").
Breath.
Sea smoke; steam fog.
Where this word comes from
Inherited from Middle English ande, from Old English anda (“grudge, enmity, malice, envy, hatred, anger, zeal, annoyance, vexation; zeal; injury, mischief; fear, horror”) and Old Norse andi (“breath, wind, spirit”); both from Proto-Germanic *anadô (“breath, anger, zeal”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe, blow”). Cognate with German Ahnd, And (“woe, grief”), Danish ånde (“breath”), Swedish anda, ande (“spirit, breath, wind, ingenuity, intellect”), Icelandic andi (“spirit”), Albanian ëndë (“pleasure, delight”), Latin animus (“spirit, soul”). Related to onde.
To breathe; whisper; devise; imagine.
Where this word comes from
Inherited from Middle English anden, from Old English andian (“to be envious or jealous, envy”) and Old Norse anda (“to breathe”); both from Proto-Germanic *anadōną (“to breathe, sputter”). Cognate with German ahnden (“to avenge, punish”), Danish ånde (“to breathe”), Swedish andas (“to breathe”), Icelandic anda (“to breathe”). See above.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.