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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

dandruff.

scaly white dead skin flakes from the human scalp; Pityriasis capitis

8 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/ˈdændɹʌf/UK/ˈdændɹʊf/UK/ˈdændɹəf/Canada, General-American[ˈdɛəndɹəf]Canada, General-American
  1. scaly white dead skin flakes from the human scalp; Pityriasis capitis

    uncountable · usually
    Dandruff is on my collar again.
Where this word comes from

The word is first attested in 1545; the first element is obscure, but compare dander. The second element derives from a Northumbrian or East Anglian Middle English hurf (“scab”), from Old Norse hrufa. Compare Dutch roof, Luxembourgish Roff. Related with Proto-Germanic *hreubaz, *hreufaz (“rough, scabby”), source of Old English hrēofla (“leprosy, leper”). More at reef (etymology 3).

verb/ˈdændɹʌf/UK/ˈdændɹʊf/UK/ˈdændɹəf/Canada, General-American[ˈdɛəndɹəf]Canada, General-American
  1. To fall or cover with white flakes, like dandruff.

Where this word comes from

The word is first attested in 1545; the first element is obscure, but compare dander. The second element derives from a Northumbrian or East Anglian Middle English hurf (“scab”), from Old Norse hrufa. Compare Dutch roof, Luxembourgish Roff. Related with Proto-Germanic *hreubaz, *hreufaz (“rough, scabby”), source of Old English hrēofla (“leprosy, leper”). More at reef (etymology 3).

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.