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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

may.

To be strong; to have power (over).

3 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

verb/meɪ/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/mɛj/British, Southern, Standard/mæɪ/Australia, New-Zealand/me/Scotland
  1. To be strong; to have power (over).

    intransitive · no-past-participle · no-present-participle · obsolete
  2. To be able; can.

    auxiliary · no-past-participle · no-present-participle · obsolete
  3. To be able to go.

    intransitive · no-past-participle · no-present-participle · poetic
  4. To have permission to, be allowed. Used in granting permission and in questions to make polite requests.

    auxiliary · defective · modal · no-past-participle · no-present-participle
    you may smoke outside
    may I sit there?
  5. Granting the admissibility of a supposition, in a way that can be semantically either subjunctive or indicative. Expressing a present possibility; possibly.

    auxiliary · defective · modal · no-past-participle · no-present-participle
    he may be lying
    Schrödinger's cat may or may not be in the box.
  6. Granting the admissibility of a supposition, in a way that can be semantically either subjunctive or indicative. Expressing a disjunctive or contrastive relation between indicative statements.

    auxiliary · defective · modal · no-past-participle · no-present-participle
    You may be my boss, but that doesn't mean you can insult me.
    A: Sigh. I'm bummed that Stephen Hawking died. B: Well, he may have died, but he's still alive in our hearts. [This speaker does not doubt that Stephen has died; nonetheless, the verb inflection is not different.]
  7. Expressing a wish (with present subjunctive effect).

    defective · no-past-participle · no-present-participle · present · subjunctive
    may you win;  may the weather be sunny;  long may your reign last
    Let us pray that peace may soon return to our war-torn homeland.
  8. Used in modesty, courtesy, or concession, or to soften a question or remark.

    auxiliary · defective · modal · no-past-participle · no-present-participle
Where this word comes from

From Middle English magen, mauen, mawe, mawen, mayen, maȝen, mouin, mow, mowen, moȝen, mugen, from Old English magan, from Proto-West Germanic *magan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą (“to be able, may”), from Proto-Indo-European *(me)mógʰe (“to be able”), from *megʰ- (“to be able”). Cognates Cognate with Scots mey (“may”), Yola ma, maa, mai, mey, mye (“may”), North Frisian mai, mei, mooge (“like to, would”), West Frisian meie (“may; to like”), Alemannic German möge (“may; can”), Bavarian megn (“to like; to want to”), Central Franconian mugge (“to like; may”), Cimbrian mögan, möng (“may”), Dutch mogen (“to be allowed; may; to like”), German and Low German mögen (“to like; would like; may”), Yiddish מעגן (megn, “may”), Danish måtte (“have to; may”), Faroese and Icelandic mega (“may; must”), Norwegian Bokmål måtta (“may; must”), Norwegian Nynorsk måtta, måtte (“may; must”), Swedish må (“may; must”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽 (magan, “to be able, can, may”); also Irish smacht (“ordinance, regulation, rule; dominion, sway; control, discipline, restraint; fine, penalty”), Lithuanian mėgti (“to like”), Belarusian магчы́ (mahčý, “to be able”), Bulgarian мо́га (móga, “to be able”), Czech moci (“to be able”), Kashubian mòc (“to be able”), Lower Sorbian moc, móc, moz (“to be able”), Macedonian може (može, “to be able”), Pannonian Rusyn мочи (moči, “to be able”), Polish móc (“to be able”), Russian мочь (močʹ, “to be able”), Serbo-Croatian мо̏ћи, mȍći (“to be able”), Slovak môcť (“to be able; be allowed to”), Slovene moči (“to be able”), Slovincian môc (“to be able”), Ukrainian могти́ (mohtý, “to be able”), Persian مغ (moġ, “magus”), Sanskrit मघ (magha, “power, wealth; bounty, gift, reward”).

noun/meɪ/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/mɛj/British, Southern, Standard/mæɪ/Australia, New-Zealand/me/Scotland
  1. The hawthorn bush or its blossoms.

    uncountable
Where this word comes from

From French mai, so called because it blossoms in the month of May.

verb/meɪ/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/mɛj/British, Southern, Standard/mæɪ/Australia, New-Zealand/me/Scotland
  1. To gather may, or flowers in general.

    intransitive · poetic
  2. To celebrate May Day.

    intransitive · poetic
Where this word comes from

From French mai, so called because it blossoms in the month of May.

noun/meɪ/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/mɛj/British, Southern, Standard/mæɪ/Australia, New-Zealand/me/Scotland
  1. A maiden.

    archaic
Where this word comes from

From Middle English may, maye (“woman, maid, girl, virgin”), from Old English mǣġ (“kinswoman”), from Proto-West Germanic *māg, from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“kinsman”). Related to Old English māge, mǣġe (“kinswoman”) and Old English mǣġ (“kinsman”).

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.