overwordExplorer
ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

run.

To move swiftly.

3 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

verb/ɹʌn/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/ɹʊn/Ireland, Northern-England/ɾʌn/Scotland, Wales
  1. To move swiftly. To move forward quickly upon two feet by alternately making a short jump off either foot.

    intransitive
    Run, and you might still catch the train!
  2. To move swiftly. To go at a fast pace; to move quickly.

    intransitive
    I have been running all over the building looking for him.
    Sorry, I've got to run; my house is on fire!
  3. To move swiftly. To cover (a course or a distance) by running.

    transitive
    I can run a mile, but I can't run the cross-country course.
  4. To move swiftly. To complete a running course or event in (a given time).

    transitive
    I was hoping to make the team, but I didn't run the qualifying time.
  5. To move swiftly. To move briskly or smoothly with a motion of sliding, rolling, sweeping etc.

    intransitive
    The shuttle runs back and forth on these rollers.
    As its name suggests, the monorail runs on a single rail.
  6. To move swiftly. To cause to move quickly or lightly.

    transitive
    Every day I run my dog across the field and back.
    I'll just run the vacuum cleaner over the carpet.
  7. To move swiftly. To compete in a race.

    intransitive · transitive
    The horse will run in the Preakness next year.
    I'm not ready to run a marathon.
  8. To move swiftly. To transport (someone or something), notionally at a brisk pace.

    transitive
    Could you run me over to the store?
    Please run this report upstairs to director's office.
  9. To move swiftly. Of a means of transportation: to travel (a route).

    intransitive · transitive
    The bus (train, plane, ferry boat, etc) runs between Newport and Riverside.
  10. To move swiftly. To cause (a vehicle) to travel a route.

    transitive
  11. To move swiftly. To transit (a length of a river), as in whitewater rafting.

    transitive
  12. To move swiftly. Of fish, to migrate for spawning.

    intransitive
  13. To move swiftly. To carry (a football) down the field, as opposed to passing or kicking.

    intransitive · transitive
  14. To move swiftly. To flee from a danger or towards help.

    intransitive
    Whenever things get tough, she cuts and runs.
    When he's broke, he runs to me for money.
  15. To move swiftly. To pass (without stopping), typically a stop signal, stop sign, or duty to yield the right of way.

    figuratively · transitive
    The car in front just ran a red light.
    If you have a collision with a vehicle oncoming from the right, after having run priority to the right, you are at fault.
  16. To move swiftly. To juggle a pattern continuously, as opposed to starting and stopping quickly.

    colloquial · transitive
  17. To flow. Of a liquid or electric current, to flow.

    intransitive
    The river runs through the forest into the North Sea.
    There's blood running down your leg.
  18. To flow. To move or spread quickly.

    figuratively · intransitive
    There's a strange story running around the neighborhood that you had a miscarriage last year.
    The flu is running through my daughter's kindergarten.
  19. To flow. Of an object, to have a liquid flowing from it.

    intransitive
    Your nose is running.
    Why is the hose still running?
  20. To flow. To make a liquid or electric current flow from or into an object.

    transitive
    Run the water out into the pool.
    They ran the electricity back behind the wall.
  21. To flow. To become liquid; to melt.

    intransitive
  22. To flow. To leak or spread in an undesirable fashion; to bleed (especially used of dye or paint).

    intransitive
    During washing, the red from the rug ran onto the white sheet, staining it pink.
  23. To flow. To fuse; to shape; to mould; to cast.

    to run bullets
  24. To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing close-hauled.

  25. To control or manage; to be in charge of.

    transitive
    My uncle ran a corner store for forty years.
    She runs the fundraising.
  26. To be a candidate in an election.

    intransitive
    I have decided to run for governor of California.
    We're trying to find somebody to run against him next year.
  27. To make participate in certain kinds of competitions. To make enter a race.

    transitive
    He ran his best horse in the Derby.
    We're running two cars in today's rally.
  28. To make participate in certain kinds of competitions. To make stand in an election.

    transitive
    The Green Party is running twenty candidates in this election.
  29. To exert continuous activity; to proceed.

    to run through life; to run in a circle
  30. To be presented in the media.

    intransitive
    The story will run on the 6-o'clock news.
    The latest Robin Williams movie is running at the Silver City theatre.
  31. To print or broadcast in the media.

    transitive
    run a story; run an ad
  32. To smuggle (illegal goods).

    transitive
    They are running guns to the rebels.
  33. To sort through a large volume of produce in quality control.

    transitive
    Looks like we're gonna have to run the tomatoes again.
  34. To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time. To extend in space or through a range (often with a measure phrase).

    intransitive
    The border runs for 3000 miles.
    The leash runs along a wire.
  35. To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time. To extend in time, to last, to continue (usually with a measure phrase).

    intransitive
    The sale will run for ten days.
    The contract runs through 2008.
  36. To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time. To make (something) extend in space.

    transitive
    I need to run this wire along the wall.
  37. To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time. Of a machine, including computer programs, to be operating or working normally.

    intransitive
    My car stopped running.
    That computer runs twenty-four hours a day.
  38. To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time. To make a machine operate.

    transitive
    It's full. You can run the dishwasher now.
    Don't run the engine so fast.
  39. To execute or carry out a plan, procedure, or program.

    transitive
    They ran twenty blood tests on me and they still don't know what's wrong.
    Our coach had us running plays for the whole practice.
  40. To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation.

    to run from one subject to another
  41. To become different in a way mentioned (usually to become worse).

    copulative
    Our food supplies are running low because money is running short.
    They frequently overspent and soon ran into debt.
  42. To cost an amount of money.

    transitive
    Buying a new laptop will run you a thousand dollars.
    Laptops run about a thousand dollars apiece.
  43. Of stitches or stitched clothing, to unravel.

    intransitive
    My stocking is running.
  44. To cause stitched clothing to unravel.

    transitive
  45. To pursue in thought; to carry in contemplation.

  46. To cause to enter; to thrust.

    to run a sword into or through the body; to run a nail into one's foot
  47. To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to be driven.

  48. To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to indicate; to determine.

    to run a line
  49. To encounter or incur (a danger or risk).

    transitive
    to run the risk of losing one's life
  50. To put at hazard; to venture; to risk.

    obsolete · transitive
  51. To tease with sarcasms and ridicule.

    obsolete · transitive
  52. To sew (a seam) by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.

  53. To control or have precedence in a card game.

    Every three or four hands he would run the table.
  54. To be in form thus, as a combination of words.

  55. To be popularly known; to be generally received.

    archaic
  56. To have growth or development.

    Boys and girls run up rapidly.
  57. To tend, as to an effect or consequence; to incline.

  58. To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company.

    Certain covenants run with the land.
  59. To encounter or suffer (a particular, usually bad, fate or misfortune).

  60. To strike (the ball) in such a way as to cause it to run along the ground, as when approaching a hole.

  61. To speedrun.

    rare
  62. To eject from a game or match.

    especially
    Jackson got himself run in the top of the sixth for arguing a borderline strike three call.
  63. To press (a bank, etc.) with immediate demands for payment.

  64. To play basketball (usually pickup).

    slang
Where this word comes from

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random.

noun/ɹʌn/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/ɹʊn/Ireland, Northern-England/ɾʌn/Scotland, Wales
  1. Act or instance of running, of moving rapidly using the feet.

    I just got back from my morning run.
  2. Act or instance of hurrying (to or from a place) (not necessarily on foot); dash or errand, trip.

    I need to make a run to the store.
  3. A pleasure trip.

    Let's go for a run in the car.
  4. Flight, instance or period of fleeing.

  5. Migration of fish.

  6. A group of fish that migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of spawning.

    collective
  7. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: A (regular) trip or route.

    The bus on the Cherry Street run is always crowded.
  8. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: The route taken while running or skiing.

    Which run did you do today?
  9. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: A single trip down a hill, as in skiing and bobsledding.

  10. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: The distance sailed by a ship.

    a good run; a run of fifty miles
  11. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: A voyage.

    a run to China
  12. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: A trial.

    The data got lost, so I'll have to perform another run of the experiment.
  13. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: The execution of a program or model

    This morning's run of the SHIPS statistical model gave Hurricane Priscilla a 74% chance of gaining at least 30 knots of intensity in 24 hours, reconfirmed by the HMON and GFS dynamical models.
  14. A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to: A playthrough, or attempted playthrough; a session of play.

    This was my first successful run without losing any health.
    That NPC bugged out and killed my run.
  15. Unrestricted use. Only used in have the run of.

    He can have the run of the house.
  16. An enclosure for an animal; a track or path along which something can travel.

    He set up a rabbit run.
  17. A rural landholding for farming, usually for running sheep, and operated by a runholder.

    Australia · New-Zealand
  18. State of being current; currency; popularity.

  19. Something continuous or sequential. A continuous period (of time) marked by a trend; a period marked by a continuing trend.

    I’m having a run of bad luck.
    He went to Las Vegas and spent all his money over a three-day run.
  20. Something continuous or sequential. A series of tries in a game that were successful.

    If our team can keep up their strong defense, expect them to make a run in this tournament.
  21. Something continuous or sequential. A production quantity (such as in a factory).

    Yesterday we did a run of 12,000 units.
    The book’s initial press run will be 5,000 copies.
  22. Something continuous or sequential. The period of showing of a play, film, TV series, etc.

    The run of the show lasted two weeks, and we sold out every night.
    It is the last week of our French cinema run.
  23. Something continuous or sequential. A period of extended (usually daily) drug use.

    slang
  24. Something continuous or sequential. A sequence of cards in a suit in a card game.

  25. Something continuous or sequential. A rapid passage in music, especially along a scale.

  26. A flow of liquid; a leak.

    The constant run of water from the faucet annoys me.
    a run of must in wine-making
  27. A small creek or part thereof. (Compare Southern US branch and New York and New England brook.)

    Pennsylvania · Virginia · West
    The military campaign near that creek was known as "The battle of Bull Run".
  28. A quick pace, faster than a walk.

    He broke into a run.
  29. A quick pace, faster than a walk. A fast gallop.

  30. A sudden series of demands on a bank or other financial institution, especially characterised by great withdrawals.

    Financial insecurity led to a run on the banks, as customers feared for the security of their savings.
  31. Any sudden large demand for something.

    There was a run on Christmas presents.
  32. Various horizontal dimensions or surfaces The top of a step on a staircase, also called a tread, as opposed to the rise.

  33. Various horizontal dimensions or surfaces The horizontal length of a set of stairs

  34. Various horizontal dimensions or surfaces Horizontal dimension of a slope.

  35. A standard or unexceptional group or category.

    He stood out from the usual run of applicants.
  36. In sports: A stretch when one team heavily outscores the other.

  37. In sports: A basketball game (usually pickup).

    slang
  38. In sports: A score when a runner touches all bases legally; the act of a runner scoring.

  39. In sports: The act of passing from one wicket to another; the point scored for this.

  40. In sports: A running play.

  41. In sports: The movement communicated to a golf ball by running it.

  42. In sports: The distance a ball travels after touching the ground from a stroke.

  43. The distance drilled with a bit, in oil drilling.

  44. A line of knit stitches that have unravelled, particularly in a nylon stocking.

    I have a run in my stocking.
  45. The stern of the underwater body of a ship from where it begins to curve upward and inward.

  46. The horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried, either by licence of the proprietor of a mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a vein of ore or other substance takes.

  47. A pair or set of millstones.

  48. One’s gait while running; the way one runs.

    I think they only have a weird run because their leg hurts.
Where this word comes from

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random.

adj/ɹʌn/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/ɹʊn/Ireland, Northern-England/ɾʌn/Scotland, Wales
  1. In a liquid state; melted or molten.

    not-comparable
    Put some run butter on the vegetables.
  2. Cast in a mould.

    not-comparable
  3. Exhausted; depleted (especially with "down" or "out").

    not-comparable
  4. Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run.

    not-comparable
  5. Smuggled.

    not-comparable
Where this word comes from

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random.

verb/ɹʌn/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/ɹʊn/Ireland, Northern-England/ɾʌn/Scotland, Wales
  1. past participle of rin

    form-of · participle · past
Where this word comes from

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.