supernumerary.
A person who works in a group, association, or public office without forming part of the regular staff (the numerary).
Meaning & usage
A person who works in a group, association, or public office without forming part of the regular staff (the numerary).
The judge was a supernumerary, helping the regular judges whenever there was a surplus amount of work.
An extra or walk-on, often non-speaking, in a film or play; a spear carrier.
Something which is beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number.
An animal which has not formed a pair bond and is therefore single.
A married man or woman who is a secular member of Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic religious institution.
Where this word comes from
From Late Latin supernumerarius (“extra soldier added to a legion; supernumerary”), from super (“above; beyond”) + numerus (“number; collection, quantity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns or numerals). The word is analysable as super- + numeral + -ary.
Greater in number than.
Beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number; excess, extra.
Beyond the prescribed or standard amount or number; excess, extra. Of an organ or structure: additional to what is normally present.
a supernumerary nipple; a supernumerary tooth
Beyond what is necessary; redundant.
Where this word comes from
From Late Latin supernumerarius (“extra soldier added to a legion; supernumerary”), from super (“above; beyond”) + numerus (“number; collection, quantity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns or numerals). The word is analysable as super- + numeral + -ary.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.