arrufar.
to incite; to provoke
Meaning & usage
to incite; to provoke
to build a sheer (curve of deck) in a ship
to become vain or conceited
to snarl; to growl
Where this word comes from
Inherited from Old Spanish arrufar, of uncertain origin. First attested c. 1250 in the sense "to become conceited". Said originally to have been borrowed from a Germanic language, compare English ruffle or Icelandic hrufla. However, it is difficult for a word mostly attested in northern Europe to travel down all the way to Iberia, with the West Germanic examples possibly being borrowed from Romance languages as well. It could be derived from Latin rūfus (“red-haired”) as a derogatory term or from the custom of Roman prostitutes to dress themselves with blond wigs, or in another way, from Latin rūfula (“prostitute”) via Vulgar Latin *rūfulanus. Compare with Galician arrufar, Portuguese arrufar and Italian ruffiano.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.