estar.
to be (have a temporary or permanent location in space)
Meaning & usage
to be (have a temporary or permanent location in space)
¿Dónde estás?
Estoy en casa.
to be present
to be (denotes a copula, in a transient fashion)
El tiempo estaba frío/caliente.
¿Estás feliz?
to be (auxiliary verb for the progressive/continuous aspect, preceding the gerund of the verb)
Ella está cantando.
Está durmiendo.
to be in a state (in a passive voice sense)
Los vasos están rotos.
La puerta está abierta.
to be, stay (denotes a copula, in a transient fashion)
Estate tranquilo, por favor.
¡Estate quieto!
to be (still)
Esto todavía está por hacer.
Lo peor está por llegar.
to be in a long-term state (in specific idioms)
estar muerto/a
estar casado/a
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Latin stō, stare Old Spanish estar Spanish estar Inherited from Old Spanish estar, from Latin stō, stare. The preterite's origin is unclear, most likely generalized from the preterite of haber (“to have”), hub- (note that b and v are pronounced identically; compare the same development in andar and tener and Portuguese estar). Preterite, imperfect subjunctive and future subjunctive forms are derived from tener. Related to English state, stand.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.