Ruotsi.
Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)
Meaning & usage
Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)
a Finnish surname
Where this word comes from
From Proto-Finnic *roocci (around 8th century AD; very late, possibly even post-Proto-Finnic), borrowed from North Germanic, perhaps from *rōþs- as part of *Rōþsland (compare Old Swedish Roþs, the genitive of Old Swedish Roþer, the Old Swedish name for Roslagen). The word is akin to Old Norse róðr (“rowing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”). Originally probably as an ethnonym ruotsi (“Swede”), now archaic. Finnic cognates include Estonian Rootsi, Livvi Ruočči (“(Lutheran) Finland”), Veps Ročinma and Võro Roodsi. Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ) (whence Byzantine Greek Ρωσσία (Rōssía)), the original form of the endonym of Russians that originally referred to a tribe of Varangians, is borrowed from Finnic (compare the etymology section of ryssä (“(derogatory) Russian”), from Swedish ryss, from the aforementioned Slavic word). Samic words, such as Northern Sami Ruoŧŧa, are borrowings from Finnic. The surname was probably originally an ethnic or religious descriptor (in the latter case, referring to Lutherans as opposed to the Eastern Orthodox). The form Ruotsi, in particular, was originally mainly found as a surname in South Karelia.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.