Tampere.

Borrowed from an early Sami substrate, ultimately from *tëmpël (compare Northern Sami dappal (“(short) stream pool”)). The name likely originally referred to a stream pool in the rapids (Tammerkoski). First attested as Tammere in 1666 (Tammerkoski earlier as Tamberkoski in 1544). Details The original form of the name in Finnish was likely *Tamber : *Tamperen (whence Tammerkoski with added koski (“rapid(s)”)); the -e- in the nominative Tampere derives by analogy with the inflected forms, finally resulting in the word adopting the declension type it currently has. The reason for the -r- instead of -l- may be dissimilation of the external locative forms (*Tampelella > Tamperella) or perhaps more likely due to the variation of -l ~ -r suffixes in words referring to places. While it is possible that the full name of the rapids (Tammerkoski) was the word that was originally borrowed (or rather partially calqued) from a form like Proto-Samic *Tëmpël-kuoškë, and that the name Tampere was later clipped from it by removing koski, it is more likely that Tampere derives directly from the aforementioned older form (compare also Simpele). Earlier it was believed that the name could have derived from Old Swedish damber (“dam”), Old Swedish tamber (“tame, temperate”) or Old Norse þambr (“taut”). However, the former two explanations have chronological and morphological issues, while the last one lacks any parallels (unlike the Sami explanation, which fits also for other similar place names in Finland).