do.
prefixed before the preterite, imperfect and conditional forms of a verb
Meaning & usage
prefixed before the preterite, imperfect and conditional forms of a verb
do mhol sé
Where this word comes from
From confusion between Middle Irish ro- (in perfect), no- (in imperfect and conditional), and do- (of many verbs with that preverb), from Old Irish ro-, no-, to- respectively.
to, for
do chara
used with the possessive determiners mo, do, bhur to indicate the direct object of a verbal noun, in place of ag after a form of bí in the progressive aspect
Tá sé do mo ghortú.
Bhí sé do d’fhiafraí.
Where this word comes from
From Old Irish do, from Proto-Celtic *do (“to, for”).
relative marker (in direct relative clauses)
an cailín do mholann sé
Where this word comes from
Reanalysis of do (past tense marker) and the early modern unstressed preverb do- of verbs like do-gheibhim (“I get”), do-chím (“I see”) (and possibly also a- in a-tú (“I am”), a-deirim (“I say”)) in relative clauses as a relative marker.
your sg
Cá bhfuil do charr?
Where this word comes from
From Old Irish do, from Proto-Celtic *towe (“your, thy”); compare Welsh dy, Cornish dha, Breton da.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.