arx.
stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis
Meaning & usage
stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis
stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis defence, protection, refuge, bulwark
stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, acropolis tyranny (with arx as the abode of tyrants)
height, summit, pinnacle, top, peak (since castles were often built on heights)
Where this word comes from
Perhaps from Proto-Italic *arks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érk-s, from the root *h₂erk- (“to protect, guard, hold, lock”). De Vaan suggests that the root noun may have been formed innovatively within Proto-Italic itself or perhaps at an even later date. Cognates include Latin arca (“chest, box”), arceō (“to defend”), arcānus (“hidden, secret”), arcera (“covered carriage for sick people”), Old Armenian արգել (argel, “obstacle”) and Ancient Greek ἀρκέω (arkéō, “to ward off, fend off”), Persian ارگ (arg, “citadel”)
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.