labor.
labor/toil/exertion/effort/work; task/undertaking; production; childbirth; preoccupation/concern; struggle/suffering/distress/hardship/stress; wear+tear;
Meaning & usage
work
labor, toil, exertion
hardship, trouble, fatigue, suffering, drudgery, distress
illness
the pain accompanying childbirth, labour
Where this word comes from
From Old Latin labōs, of uncertain origin: * Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root *leb- (“to seize, take”), whence Sanskrit लभते (labhate, “take, gain”) and Lithuanian lõbis (“wealth”). * More commonly connected with labō (“to totter”) (see Etymology 2 below), via semantic development "teetering under a heavy load" → "burden" → "work", but this is rejected by De Vaan, who however provides no alternative. The semantic connection is weak in either case. * Prósper suggests a possible root *dh̥₂bʰ-ōs, cognate with Lithuanian dobti (“to strike, beat, kill, (dial.) torment, exhaust”). See source for more.
to slip, slide, glide; (of fluids) to flow gently
to fall, sink down
to slip, stumble
to vanish, pass away, elapse, escape
to be mistaken, be wrong, err, commit a fault
Where this word comes from
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₂b- (“to hang loosely, be weak”), and cognate with labō, English sleep, Proto-Slavic *slàbъ (“weak”).
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.