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LATIN · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

serius.

grave; earnest; serious

6 characters2 syllables approx.Latina language

Meaning & usage

adj[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]Classical-Latin[ˈsɛː.ri.us]

  1. grave; earnest; serious

    adjective · declension-1 · declension-2
Where this word comes from

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Italic *sēros Latin sērus Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius ? Proto-Indo-European *swer- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Italic *swerjos? Latin serius Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“to ache; to be difficult, heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from a proposed root *seh₁- (“to go slowly, be long-lasting”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift “slow” > “tiring” > “heavy” > “grave, serious”.

adv[ˈseː.ri.ʊs]Classical-Latin[ˈsɛː.ri.us]

  1. comparative degree of sērō

    comparative · form-of

  2. rather late, later, too late

    comparative
Where this word comes from

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Italic *sēros Latin sērus Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius ? Proto-Indo-European *swer- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Italic *swerjos? Latin serius Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses: * Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“to ache; to be difficult, heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer. * According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from a proposed root *seh₁- (“to go slowly, be long-lasting”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) + -ius, with semantic shift “slow” > “tiring” > “heavy” > “grave, serious”.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.