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LATIN · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

sine.

without

4 characters2 syllables approx.Latina language

Meaning & usage

prep[ˈsɪ.nɛ]Classical-Latin[ˈsiː.ne]
  1. without

    with-ablative
    Sum sine rēgnō.
    Mundus sine Caesaribus.
Where this word comes from

The meaning "without" was previously expressed by sē, sēd (see sē-, sed), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), thus originally "by itself". Some still refer the si- in sine to this root; others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”), whence si (“if”). And as sometimes nesi was also written, with -ne being nē (“not”), sine might literally mean "not this". Compare with nisi. Yet others refer sine to Proto-Indo-European *sen(H)i (“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to *swé or more likely a locative of *senH-. Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́νευ (ắneu), ἄτερ (áter, “without”), Sanskrit सनुतर् (sanutar, “away, off”), Old English sundor; compare especially Tocharian B snai and Old Irish sain (“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic *sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb. The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous to cum. Compare Sanskrit विना (vinā).

verb[ˈsɪ.nɛ]Classical-Latin[ˈsiː.ne]
  1. second-person singular present active imperative of sinō

    active · form-of · imperative · present · second-person · singular
Where this word comes from

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.