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LATIN · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

sumo.

to take, take up, catch, assume, seize, claim, arrogate

4 characters2 syllables approx.Latina language

Meaning & usage

verb[ˈsuː.moː]Classical-Latin[ˈsuː.mo]
  1. to take, take up, catch, assume, seize, claim, arrogate

    conjugation-3
  2. to undertake, begin, enter upon

    conjugation-3
  3. to exact satisfaction, inflict punishment

    conjugation-3
  4. to choose, select

    conjugation-3
  5. to obtain, acquire, receive, get, take

    conjugation-3
  6. to use, apply, employ, spend, consume

    conjugation-3
  7. to adopt; borrow

    conjugation-3
  8. to buy, purchase

    conjugation-3
  9. to accept, presuppose, establish as a principle

    conjugation-3
  10. to fascinate, charm

    conjugation-3
  11. to put on

    conjugation-3
  12. to take heart

    conjugation-3
Where this word comes from

Ultimately from Proto-Italic *emō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-. By surface analysis, sub + emō (“to buy, take”), with excrescent p in sūmpsī and sūmptum. According to Sihler, the term derives from earlier *susmō, from Proto-Italic *sups-(e)mō, from *emō. It is likely that this Latin term is related to Umbrian sumtu, although Buck argues that the Umbrian term cannot be explained from *sups-(e)mō. Instead, Buck suggests that the Umbrian term must derive from *sup(e)mō, which—according to Poultney—is the source for both the Umbrian and the Latin term. According to De Vaan, the perfect form sūmpsī is a later innovation that emerged because the term was no longer synchronically identifiable with emō. Sextus Pompeius Festus provides attestation for two additional perfect forms surēmi and surēmpsī. De Vaan suggests that these forms may derive from earlier Proto-Italic *suz-ēm-, itself from earlier *subs-ēm-. Alternatively, De Vaan proposes that these terms were remodeled after verbs such as suscipiō.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.