torus.
swelling, protuberance; mussel, brawn; bed, couch, stuffed bolster, cushion;
Meaning & usage
round, swelling, bulging place; elevation, protuberance
bulge, knot
muscular or fleshly part, muscle, brawn of animal bodies
muscular or fleshly part, muscle, brawn of animal bodies bulge, thickness of trees
raised ornament, knot on a garland
bolster, cushion; bed, couch, sofa marriage bed
bolster, cushion; bed, couch, sofa marriage (sometimes any sexual relationship)
embankment, elevation of earth
large round molding at the base of a column
Where this word comes from
Of uncertain origin. De Vaan proposes a tentative derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *torh₂-os, from *terh₂- (“to cross, go through”). This is formally and semantically solid, though there is little linguistic evidence to support it. An older theory by Leumann derived the word from sternō (“to spread”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”), but the connection between the two Latin words is semantically dubious (one would expect torus to be derived from a verb meaning "to turn" or "to knot" rather than "to spread").
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.