poddany.
subject (citizen in a monarchy)
Meaning & usage
subject (citizen in a monarchy)
serf, carl (partially free peasant of a low hereditary class, attached like a slave to the land owned by a feudal lord and required to perform labour, enjoying minimal legal or customary rights)
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa Proto-Slavic *po Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Slavic *-dъ Proto-Slavic *podъ Proto-Slavic *podъ- Old Polish pod- Polish pod- Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-redup. Proto-Indo-European *-ti Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti Proto-Balto-Slavic *dṓˀtei Proto-Slavic *dàti Old Polish dać Polish dać Polish poddać Proto-Slavic *-anъ Proto-Indo-European *-(e-)nós Proto-Slavic *-ěnъ Old Polish -any Polish -any Polish poddany From poddać + -any. Compare Czech poddaný, English subject, French sujet, German Untertan, and Swedish undersåte.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.