z.
The thirtieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called zet and written in the Latin script.
Meaning & usage
The thirtieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called zet and written in the Latin script.
Where this word comes from
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and z for development of the glyph itself.
denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside
denotes instrumental relation; with, by means of
Podróżuje z prędkością światła!
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- Proto-Balto-Slavic *san? Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm? Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) Old Polish z Polish z Inherited from Old Polish z (“with”).
denotes delative movement; off of
Jesteś z przodu czy z tyłu?
denotes duration; since
denotes a change of state; from
denotes origin or cause; because of, from
denotes elative movement; out of
Jestem z Polski.
jeden z dziesięciu
denotes the composition of an item; from, out of, of
motyka z drewna
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰsder. Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź Proto-Slavic *jьz Old Polish z Polish z Inherited from Old Polish z (“from”).
approximately, about, around, ish, or so
Mam z pięć jabłek
Where this word comes from
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰsder. Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź Proto-Slavic *jьz Old Polish z Polish z Inherited from Old Polish z (“from”).
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.