Macau.

From Hokkien, possibly either: * 媽閣 /妈阁 (Má Koh), Short for 阿媽閣 /阿妈阁 (A-má Koh), from 阿媽 /阿妈 (a-má, “grandma Mazu, patron goddess of sailors”) + 閣 /阁 (koh, “ornamental platform”), as in 公神閣 /公神阁 (kong-sîn-koh, “a building in which pictures and statues of meritorious officials are displayed”). * 媽港 /妈港 (Má Káng), short for 阿媽港 /阿妈港 (A-má Káng), from 阿媽 /阿妈 (a-má, “grandma Mazu, patron goddess of sailors”) + 港 (káng, “port”). Both referring to the A-Ma Temple (媽閣廟) or Templo de A-Má in Portuguese, built around 1488 before the city of Macau came into being. The temple was founded by 嚴啟盛 /严启盛 (Giâm Khé-sēng), a pirate smuggler from Zhangzhou, Fujian who was initially sentenced to death and imprisoned in Zhangzhou Prefecture before later escaping and gathering followers to go out to sea as pirates who later went to Guangdong to recruit more followers where they later first landed in the area of present-day Macau where they built a smuggling base around 1452 or so then later built the A-Ma Temple (媽閣廟) to worship the Fujianese sea goddess, Mazu, known in Hokkien 阿媽 /阿妈 (A-má, “grandmother”) as an epithet. The initial ⟨A⟩ was later likely elided due to misconstruing with Portuguese a (“towards; to; at; in”). Compare Spanish Macán, Japanese 媽港(マカオ) (makao), Latin Machao.

Unknown. Câmara Cascudo claimed it was named after the Chinese city, while more recent researchers link the toponym to macau (“macaw”) or the French commune. The first theory is the one supported and promoted by most of its inhabitants.