arduous.
Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance.
Meaning & usage
Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance.
The movement towards a peaceful settlement has been a long and arduous political struggle.
burning; ardent
Difficult or exhausting to traverse.
Where this word comes from
From Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”), akin to Irish ard (“high”).
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.