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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

beam.

Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness, and prepared for use.

4 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/ˈbiːm/[ˈbɪi̯m]
  1. Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness, and prepared for use.

  2. One of the principal horizontal structural members, usually of steel, timber, or concrete, of a building.

  3. One of the transverse members of a ship's frame on which the decks are laid, and acting as part of the support for keeping the sides of the vessel in shape — supported at the sides by knees in wooden ships and by stringers in steel ones; cf. abeam, beam-ends.

  4. The maximum width of a vessel (note that a vessel with a beam of 15 foot can also be said to be 15 foot abeam).

    This ship has more beam than that one.
  5. The direction across a vessel, perpendicular to fore-and-aft.

  6. The straight part or shank of an anchor.

  7. The crossbar of a mechanical balance, from the ends of which the scales are suspended.

  8. In steam engines, a heavy iron lever having an oscillating motion on a central axis, one end of which is connected with the piston rod from which it receives motion, and the other with the crank of the wheel shaft.

  9. The central bar of a plow, to which the handles and colter are secured, and to the end of which are attached the oxen or horses that draw it.

  10. A ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body.

    a beam of light
    a beam of energy
  11. The principal stem of the antler of a deer, which branches grow out from.

    informal
  12. One of the long feathers in the wing of a hawk.

    informal
  13. The pole of a carriage or chariot.

    literary
  14. A cylinder of wood, making part of a loom, on which weavers wind the warp before weaving and the cylinder on which the cloth is rolled, as it is woven.

  15. A ray; a gleam.

    figuratively
    a beam of hope, or of comfort
  16. A horizontal bar which connects the stems of two or more notes to group them and to indicate metric value.

  17. An elevated rectangular dirt pile used to cheaply build an elevated portion of a railway.

  18. A balance beam.

  19. A balance beam. A gymnastic activity or event using a balance beam.

  20. A broad smile.

Where this word comes from

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *bagmaz? Proto-West Germanic *baum Old English bēam Middle English bem English beam From Middle English bem, beem, from Old English bēam (“tree, cross, gallows, column, pillar, wood, beam, splint, post, stock, rafter, piece of wood”), from Proto-West Germanic *baum, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz (“tree, beam, balk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to grow, swell”). Cognate with North Frisian Boom, buum (“tree”), Saterland Frisian Boom (“tree”), West Frisian beam (“tree”), Cimbrian pome, póom, puam (“tree”), Dutch boom (“tree”), German Low German Boom (“tree”), German Baum (“tree”), Luxembourgish Bam (“tree”), Mòcheno pa'm (“tree”), Vilamovian baojm (“tree”), Yiddish בוים (boym, “tree”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bom (“beam”), Icelandic baðmur (“tree”), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms, “tree”), Albanian bimë (“a plant”). Doublet of boom. The original English meaning of beam ("tree") is preserved in some compound words such as quickbeam. The verb is from Middle English bemen, from Old English bēamian (“to shine, to cast forth rays or beams of light”), from the noun.

verb/ˈbiːm/[ˈbɪi̯m]
  1. To emit beams of light; to shine; to radiate.

    ambitransitive
    to beam forth light
  2. To smile broadly or especially cheerfully.

    figuratively · intransitive
    to beam with pride
  3. To furnish or supply with beams.

    transitive
  4. To give the appearance of beams to.

    transitive
  5. To transmit matter or information via a high-tech wireless mechanism.

    transitive
    Beam me up, Scotty; there's no intelligent life down here.
    The injured crewmembers were immediately beamed to sickbay.
  6. To transmit, especially by direct wireless means such as infrared.

    transitive
  7. To stretch something (for example, an animal hide) on a beam.

    transitive
  8. To put (something) on a beam.

    transitive
  9. To connect (musical notes) with a beam, or thick line, in music notation.

    transitive
Where this word comes from

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *bagmaz? Proto-West Germanic *baum Old English bēam Middle English bem English beam From Middle English bem, beem, from Old English bēam (“tree, cross, gallows, column, pillar, wood, beam, splint, post, stock, rafter, piece of wood”), from Proto-West Germanic *baum, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz (“tree, beam, balk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to grow, swell”). Cognate with North Frisian Boom, buum (“tree”), Saterland Frisian Boom (“tree”), West Frisian beam (“tree”), Cimbrian pome, póom, puam (“tree”), Dutch boom (“tree”), German Low German Boom (“tree”), German Baum (“tree”), Luxembourgish Bam (“tree”), Mòcheno pa'm (“tree”), Vilamovian baojm (“tree”), Yiddish בוים (boym, “tree”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish bom (“beam”), Icelandic baðmur (“tree”), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms, “tree”), Albanian bimë (“a plant”). Doublet of boom. The original English meaning of beam ("tree") is preserved in some compound words such as quickbeam. The verb is from Middle English bemen, from Old English bēamian (“to shine, to cast forth rays or beams of light”), from the noun.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.