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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

bristle.

A stiff or coarse hair on a nonhuman mammal or on a plant.

7 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/ˈbɹɪsəl//ˈbɹʌsəl//ˈbɹɪstəl/
  1. A stiff or coarse hair on a nonhuman mammal or on a plant.

    the bristles of a pig
  2. A chaeta: an analogous filament on arthropods, annelids, or other animals.

  3. The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers.

Where this word comes from

From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)).

verb/ˈbɹɪsəl//ˈbɹʌsəl//ˈbɹɪstəl/
  1. To rise or stand erect, like bristles.

    intransitive
    His hair began to bristle with anger when the subject was mentioned.
    The cat’s fur bristled when the dog approached.
  2. To abound, to be covered with, or to have an abundance of, something, especially something jutting out.

    intransitive · usually
  3. To be on one's guard or raise one's defenses; to react with fear, suspicion, or distance.

    intransitive · usually
    The employees bristled at the prospect of working through the holidays.
  4. To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles.

    archaic · obsolete · transitive
  5. To cause (someone) to be on one's guard or raise one's defenses.

    transitive · uncommon
    Your blatant attitude always bristles me.
  6. To fix a bristle or bristles to.

    rare
    to bristle a thread
Where this word comes from

From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)).

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.