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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

decay.

Rot; any processes or result of organic matter being gradually decomposed, especially by microbial action.

5 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/dɪˈkeɪ/UK/diˈkeɪ/US
  1. Rot; any processes or result of organic matter being gradually decomposed, especially by microbial action.

    uncountable · usually
    tooth decay/dental decay—wood-decay fungi—bacterial decay—photochemical decay
  2. Deterioration of condition; loss of status, quality, strength, or fortune.

    uncountable · usually
    civic and moral decay—systemic decay—fall into decay—urban decay—arrested decay—memory decay
  3. Radioactive decay; decomposition of an atom or its nucleus.

    uncountable · usually
    alpha decay—gamma decay—fission decay—decay chain
  4. Particle decay; decomposition of a sub-atomic particle.

    uncountable · usually
  5. Continuous decrease of a quantity.

    uncountable · usually
    exponential decay—decay rate—orbital decay—decay time—decay constant—time decay
  6. Overthrow, destruction, ruin, death.

    obsolete · uncountable · usually
  7. Array decay.

    uncountable · usually
Where this word comes from

From Middle English decaien (“to decrease, diminish”) and decai (“deterioration, decline in value”), from Anglo-Norman decaeir (“to fall away, decay, decline”), from Vulgar Latin *dēcadere, etymologically restored form of Latin dēcidere (“to fall down, to fail, sink or perish”), from de- (“of, from, away, down”) + cadere (“to fall”). Compare decadent and decadence.

verb/dɪˈkeɪ/UK/diˈkeɪ/US
  1. To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality.

    intransitive
    The pair loved to take pictures in the decaying hospital on forty-third street.
  2. To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality. To undergo bit rot, that is, gradual degradation.

    intransitive
  3. To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality. To undergo software rot, that is, to fail to be updated in a changing environment, so as to eventually become legacy or obsolete.

    intransitive
  4. To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality. To undergo prolonged reduction in altitude (above the orbited body).

    intransitive
  5. To rot, to go bad.

    intransitive
    The cat's body decayed rapidly.
  6. To change by undergoing fission, by emitting radiation, or by capturing or losing one or more electrons; to undergo radioactive decay.

    intransitive · transitive
  7. To undergo optical decay, that is, to relax to a less excited state, usually by emitting a photon or phonon.

    intransitive · transitive
  8. Loss of airspeed due to drag.

    intransitive
  9. To cause to rot or deteriorate.

    transitive
    The extreme humidity decayed the wooden sculptures in the museum's collection in a matter of years.
  10. Of an array: to lose its type and dimensions and be reduced to a pointer, for example when passed to a function.

    intransitive
Where this word comes from

From Middle English decaien (“to decrease, diminish”) and decai (“deterioration, decline in value”), from Anglo-Norman decaeir (“to fall away, decay, decline”), from Vulgar Latin *dēcadere, etymologically restored form of Latin dēcidere (“to fall down, to fail, sink or perish”), from de- (“of, from, away, down”) + cadere (“to fall”). Compare decadent and decadence.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.