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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

decline.

Downward movement, fall.

7 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/dɪˈklaɪn/
  1. Downward movement, fall.

    countable · uncountable
    The aircraft went into a sudden decline before the pilot regained control.
  2. A sloping downward, e.g. of a hill or road.

    countable · uncountable
    After taking a right from that turn a decline will come into view.
  3. A deterioration of condition; a weakening or worsening.

    countable · uncountable
    He has experienced a sudden decline in his health.
    Educational standards are on the decline.
  4. A reduction or diminution of activity, prevalence or quantity.

    countable · uncountable
    Population decline is a major concern.
    Town-centre retailers have seen a decline in footfall.
  5. The act of declining or refusing something.

    countable · uncountable
Where this word comes from

From Middle English declinen, and ultimately Latin declīnō (“to bend, turn aside, deflect, inflect, decline”, from dē- (“down”) + clīnō (“to bend, to incline”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (English lean). The senses arrived from two separate pathways in Middle English: * The grammatical sense came from Old English declīnian, which was borrowed directly from the Latin etymon. * All senses except the grammatical sense were derived from those of Old French decliner. Old French itself borrowed the verb from Latin.

verb/dɪˈklaɪn/
  1. To move downwards, to fall, to drop.

    intransitive
    The dollar has declined rapidly since 2001.
  2. To become weaker or worse.

    intransitive
    My health declined in winter.
  3. To bend downward; to bring down; to depress; to cause to bend, or fall.

    transitive
  4. To cause to decrease or diminish.

    transitive
  5. To turn or bend aside; to deviate; to stray; to withdraw.

  6. To choose not to do something; refuse, forbear, refrain.

    transitive
    On reflection I think I will decline your generous offer.
  7. To inflect for case, number, gender, and the like.

    transitive · usually
  8. To recite all the different declined forms of (a word): to recite its declension.

    transitive
  9. To run through from first to last; to recite in order as though declining a noun.

    broadly
  10. To reject a penalty against the opposing team, usually because the result of accepting it would benefit the non-penalized team less than the preceding play.

    Canadian
    The team chose to decline the fifteen-yard penalty because their receiver had caught the ball for a thirty-yard gain.
Where this word comes from

From Middle English declinen, and ultimately Latin declīnō (“to bend, turn aside, deflect, inflect, decline”, from dē- (“down”) + clīnō (“to bend, to incline”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (English lean). The senses arrived from two separate pathways in Middle English: * The grammatical sense came from Old English declīnian, which was borrowed directly from the Latin etymon. * All senses except the grammatical sense were derived from those of Old French decliner. Old French itself borrowed the verb from Latin.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.