last.
Final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind.
Meaning & usage
Final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind.
Will try to fix it by myself for now: as a last resort, we can always take it to a grease monkey.
Eyes Wide Shut was the last film to be directed by Stanley Kubrick.
Most recent, latest, last so far.
The last time I saw him, he was married.
I have received your note dated the 17th last, and am responding to say that[…]
Farthest of all from a given quality, character, or condition; most unlikely, or least preferable.
He is the last person to be accused of theft.
The last person I want to meet is Helen.
Being the only one remaining of its class.
Japan is the last empire.
Supreme; highest in degree; utmost.
Lowest in rank or degree.
Three contestants will win awards, but the last prize is just a book voucher.
Where this word comes from
From Middle English laste, latst, syncopated variant of latest, both ultimately from Old English latost. Doublet of latest.
The (one) immediately before the present.
We went there last year.
I was last to go; you're next.
Closest in the past, or closest but one if the closest was very recent; of days, sometimes thought to specifically refer to the instance closest to seven days (one week) ago, or the most recent instance before seven days (one week) ago.
It's Wednesday, and the party was last Tuesday; that is, not yesterday, but eight days ago.
When you say last Monday, do you mean the Monday just gone, or the one before that?
Where this word comes from
From Middle English laste, latst, syncopated variant of latest, both ultimately from Old English latost. Doublet of latest.
Most recently.
When we last met, he was based in Toronto.
after everything else; finally
As I arrived last of all, I'll go last to add the butter last.
last but not least
Where this word comes from
From Middle English laste, latst, syncopated variant of latest, both ultimately from Old English latost. Doublet of latest.
To endure, continue over time.
Summer seems to last longer each year.
They seem happy now, but that won't last long.
To hold out, continue undefeated or entire.
I don't know how much longer we can last without reinforcements.
To purposefully refrain from orgasm
To perform, carry out.
Where this word comes from
From Middle English lasten, from Old English lǣstan, from Proto-West Germanic *laistijan, from Proto-Germanic *laistijaną. Cognate with German leisten (“yield”).
A tool in the form of a foot on which an item of footwear (such as a boot or shoe) is placed for shaping while it is being manufactured or repaired.
Where this word comes from
The noun is derived from Middle English lest, leste (“shoemaker’s model shaped like a foot, last”), from Old English lǣste (“shoemaker‘s last”), from Proto-Germanic *laistiz, from *laisǭ (“track, trail”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys-eh₂-, from *leys- (“to trace; to track”). Doublet of learn and lore. The verb is derived from the noun. cognates * Dutch leest * German Leisten * Proto-Germanic *laistaz (“footprint”) * Swedish läst
To shape (an item of footwear such as a boot or shoe) during its manufacture or repair while it is placed on a last (noun etymology 3, noun sense 1).
to last a boot
Where this word comes from
The noun is derived from Middle English lest, leste (“shoemaker’s model shaped like a foot, last”), from Old English lǣste (“shoemaker‘s last”), from Proto-Germanic *laistiz, from *laisǭ (“track, trail”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys-eh₂-, from *leys- (“to trace; to track”). Doublet of learn and lore. The verb is derived from the noun. cognates * Dutch leest * German Leisten * Proto-Germanic *laistaz (“footprint”) * Swedish läst
A burden; load; a cargo; freight.
A measure of weight or quantity, varying in designation depending on the goods concerned.
An old English (and Dutch) measure of the carrying capacity of a ship, equal to two tons.
A load of some commodity with reference to its weight and commercial value.
Where this word comes from
From Middle English last, from Old English hlæst (“burden, load, freight”), from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz (“burden, load, freight”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂- (“to put, lay out”). Cognate with West Frisian lêst, Dutch last, German Last, Swedish last, Icelandic lest.
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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.
Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.