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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

preen.

A forked tool used by clothiers for dressing cloth.

5 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/pɹiːn/
  1. A forked tool used by clothiers for dressing cloth.

  2. A pin.

    dialectal
  3. A bodkin; brooch.

    dialectal
Where this word comes from

From Middle English pren, from Old English prēon, from Proto-Germanic *preunaz (compare Icelandic prjónn (“pin, knitting-needle”), Danish pryne (“needle, eel-spear”)), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *brewn- (“protrusion, tip, edge”) (compare Lithuanian briaunà (“edge”), Albanian brez (“belt, girdle”)). Cognate with German Pfriem. The verb is from Middle English prenen, from pren (“a preen”), akin to German pfriemen.

verb/pɹiːn/
  1. To pin; fasten.

    transitive
Where this word comes from

From Middle English pren, from Old English prēon, from Proto-Germanic *preunaz (compare Icelandic prjónn (“pin, knitting-needle”), Danish pryne (“needle, eel-spear”)), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *brewn- (“protrusion, tip, edge”) (compare Lithuanian briaunà (“edge”), Albanian brez (“belt, girdle”)). Cognate with German Pfriem. The verb is from Middle English prenen, from pren (“a preen”), akin to German pfriemen.

verb/pɹiːn/
  1. To groom; to trim or dress the feathers with the beak.

    ambitransitive
  2. To spend time making oneself attractive and admiring one's appearance, e.g. in front of a mirror.

    intransitive · reflexive
  3. To show off, posture, or smarm.

    intransitive
  4. To flatter.

    transitive
  5. To comb; to make orderly.

    transitive
  6. To trim up, as trees.

    transitive
  7. To improve the appearance of; groom; prettify.

    broadly · transitive
Where this word comes from

Variant of prune (by influence of preen above). Attested in Chaucer (c. 1395) in the variants preyneth, prayneth, proyneth, prunyht, pruneth, from Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”).

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.