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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

shorten.

To make shorter; to abbreviate.

7 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

verb/ˈʃɔːtn̩/Received-Pronunciation/ˈʃɔɹtn̩/General-American
  1. To make shorter; to abbreviate.

    transitive
  2. To become shorter.

    intransitive
  3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of).

    transitive
  4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc.

    transitive
  5. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen.

    transitive
    to shorten an allowance of food
  6. To make crumbly.

    transitive
  7. To take in the slack of (a rope).

    transitive
  8. To reduce (sail) by taking it in.

    transitive
  9. to dress (a baby) in a short (rather than long) gown

    dated · transitive
Where this word comes from

From Middle English shortnen, schortenen, equivalent to short + -en (verbal suffix). In some senses, a continuation (in altered form) of Middle English schorten (“to make short, shorten”), from Old English sċortian (“to become short”), from Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (“to shorten”).

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.