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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

whelm.

To bury, to cover; to engulf, to submerge.

5 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

verb/ʍɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/wɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation
  1. To bury, to cover; to engulf, to submerge.

    archaic · transitive
  2. To throw (something) over a thing so as to cover it.

    obsolete · transitive
  3. To ruin or destroy.

    obsolete · transitive
  4. To overcome with emotion; to overwhelm.

    archaic · intransitive
Where this word comes from

From Middle English whelmen (“to turn over, capsize; to invert, turn upside down”), perhaps from Old English *hwealmnian, a variant of *hwealfnian, from hwealf (“arched, concave, vaulted; an arched or vaulted ceiling”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwalb, from Proto-Germanic *hwalbą (“arch, vault”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (“to curve”). Cognates The English word is cognate with Dutch welven (“to arch”), Old Saxon bihwelvian (“to cover, hide”), German wölben (“to bend, curve, arch”), Icelandic hvelfa (“to overturn”), German Walm (“a vaulted roof”), Icelandic hvolf (“vaulted ceiling”), Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, hollow, gulf”). The noun is derived from the verb.

noun/ʍɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/wɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation
  1. A surge of water.

    also · figuratively · poetic
    the whelm of the tide
  2. A wooden drainpipe, a hollowed out tree trunk, turned with the cavity downwards to form an arched watercourse.

Where this word comes from

From Middle English whelmen (“to turn over, capsize; to invert, turn upside down”), perhaps from Old English *hwealmnian, a variant of *hwealfnian, from hwealf (“arched, concave, vaulted; an arched or vaulted ceiling”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwalb, from Proto-Germanic *hwalbą (“arch, vault”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (“to curve”). Cognates The English word is cognate with Dutch welven (“to arch”), Old Saxon bihwelvian (“to cover, hide”), German wölben (“to bend, curve, arch”), Icelandic hvelfa (“to overturn”), German Walm (“a vaulted roof”), Icelandic hvolf (“vaulted ceiling”), Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, hollow, gulf”). The noun is derived from the verb.

verb/ʍɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation/wɛlm/General-American, Received-Pronunciation
  1. To emotionally affect at an intensity in between underwhelm and overwhelm; to just satisfy or just meet expectations.

    colloquial · transitive
Where this word comes from

Back-formation from overwhelm /underwhelm, as if a base verb "whelm" described a middling intensity between under- and overwhelming.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.