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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

scathe.

Damage, harm, hurt, injury.

6 characters1 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

noun/skeɪð//skeɪθ/
  1. Damage, harm, hurt, injury.

    UK · archaic · countable · dialectal · uncountable
  2. Someone who, or something which, causes harm; an injurer.

    UK · archaic · countable · dialectal
  3. An injury or loss for which compensation is sought in a lawsuit; damage; also, expenses incurred by a claimant; costs.

    UK · archaic · countable · dialectal · obsolete
  4. Something to be mourned or regretted.

    UK · archaic · dialectal · uncountable
Where this word comes from

From Middle English scath, scathe [and other forms], from Old Norse skaði (“damage, harm; loss; death; murder”), from Proto-Germanic *skaþô (“damage, scathe; one who causes damage, injurer”, noun) (whence Old English sċeaþa, sċeaþu (“scathe, harm, injury”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”). Cognate with German Schaden (“damage, harm”). cognates * Scots skaith * Dutch schade * German schaden * Norwegian skade * Swedish skada * Icelandic skaði * Polish szkoda * Russian шко́да (škóda) * Belarusian шко́дa (škóda) * Ukrainian шко́да (škóda)

verb/skeɪð/General-American, Received-Pronunciation
  1. To harm or injure (someone or something) physically.

    Scotland · UK · archaic · dialectal · transitive
  2. To harm or injure (someone or something) physically. To cause monetary loss to (someone).

    Scotland · UK · archaic · dialectal · obsolete · specifically · transitive
  3. To harm, injure, or destroy (someone or something) by fire, lightning, or some other heat source; to blast; to scorch; to wither.

    UK · archaic · broadly · dialectal · literary · poetic · transitive
  4. To severely hurt (someone's feelings, soul, etc., or something intangible) through acts, words spoken, etc.

    UK · archaic · dialectal · figuratively · transitive
Where this word comes from

From Middle English scathen (“to harm, attack, defeat”) [and other forms], from Old Norse skaða (“to damage, harm; to hurt, injure”), from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to damage, harm; to injure”) (whence Old English sceaþian, scaþian (“to harm, hurt, injure, scathe”)), from *skaþô (“damage, scathe; one who causes damage, injurer”, noun); see further at etymology 1. Sense 2 (“to harm, injure, or destroy (someone or something) by fire, lightning, or some other heat source”) appears to derive from Paradise Lost by the English poet John Milton (1608–1674), perhaps influenced by scorch: see the 1667 quotation. Cognates * Albanian shkathët (“adept, clever, skilful”) * Danish skade (“to hurt, injure”) * Dutch schaden (“to injure”) * Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan, “to harm, injure; to do wrong”) * Ancient Greek ἀσκηθής (askēthḗs, “unhurt”) * Old Frisian skathia (“to injure”) * Old High German skadôn (Middle High German schaden, German schaden (“to damage, harm, hurt; to be harmful”)) * Old Norse skeðja (“to hurt”) * Old Saxon scaðon (“to slander”) * Swedish skada (“to hurt, injure”)

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.