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ENGLISH · A WORD WITH POSSIBILITIES

stifle.

To make (an animal or person) unconscious or cause (an animal or person) to die by preventing breathing; to smother, to suffocate.

6 characters2 syllables approx.English language

Meaning & usage

verb/ˈstaɪfl̩/Received-Pronunciation/ˈstaɪf(ə)l/General-American
  1. To make (an animal or person) unconscious or cause (an animal or person) to die by preventing breathing; to smother, to suffocate.

    also · figuratively · transitive
  2. To cause (someone) difficulty in breathing, or a choking or gagging feeling.

    excessive · transitive
    The heat was stifling the children.
  3. To prevent (a breath, cough, or cry, or the voice, etc.) from being released from the throat.

    also · figuratively · transitive
  4. To make (something) unable to be heard by blocking it with some medium.

    transitive
  5. To keep in, hold back, or repress (something).

    figuratively · transitive
    The army stifled the rebellion.
  6. To prevent (something) from being revealed; to conceal, to hide, to suppress.

    figuratively · transitive
  7. To treat (a silkworm cocoon) with steam as part of the process of silk production.

    transitive
  8. To die of suffocation.

    intransitive
    Two firemen tragically stifled in yesterday’s fire when trying to rescue an old lady from her bedroom.
  9. To smother; to make breathing difficult.

    excessive · intransitive
    This heat is stifling.
Where this word comes from

The verb is derived from Late Middle English stuflen (“to have difficulty breathing due to heat, stifle; to suffocate by drowning, drown”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. Also found in Middle English forstyflyd (“stifled, choked”, past participle). Perhaps derived from Middle English stuffen (“to kill by suffocation; to stifle from heat; to extinguish, suppress (body heat, breath, humour, etc.); to deprive a plant of the conditions necessary for growth, choke”) + -len (frequentative suffix). Stuffen is derived from Old French estofer, estouffer (“to choke, strangle, suffocate; (figuratively) to inhibit, prevent”) [and other forms] (modern French étouffer), a variant of estoper, estuper (“to block, plug, stop up; to stiffen, thicken”) (modern French étouper (“to caulk”)), influenced by estofer (“to pad, stuff; to upholster”) (modern French étoffer). Estoper is derived from Vulgar Latin *stuppāre, from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”) (as a stuffing material; from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē) (compare στυππεῖον (stuppeîon)); probably from Pre-Greek) + -āre. According to the Oxford English Dictionary a derivation from Old Norse stífla (“to dam; to choke, stop up”) “appears untenable on the ground both of form and sense”. The noun is derived from the verb.

noun/ˈstaɪfl̩/Received-Pronunciation/ˈstaɪf(ə)l/General-American
  1. An act or state of being stifled.

    rare
Where this word comes from

The verb is derived from Late Middle English stuflen (“to have difficulty breathing due to heat, stifle; to suffocate by drowning, drown”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. Also found in Middle English forstyflyd (“stifled, choked”, past participle). Perhaps derived from Middle English stuffen (“to kill by suffocation; to stifle from heat; to extinguish, suppress (body heat, breath, humour, etc.); to deprive a plant of the conditions necessary for growth, choke”) + -len (frequentative suffix). Stuffen is derived from Old French estofer, estouffer (“to choke, strangle, suffocate; (figuratively) to inhibit, prevent”) [and other forms] (modern French étouffer), a variant of estoper, estuper (“to block, plug, stop up; to stiffen, thicken”) (modern French étouper (“to caulk”)), influenced by estofer (“to pad, stuff; to upholster”) (modern French étoffer). Estoper is derived from Vulgar Latin *stuppāre, from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”) (as a stuffing material; from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē) (compare στυππεῖον (stuppeîon)); probably from Pre-Greek) + -āre. According to the Oxford English Dictionary a derivation from Old Norse stífla (“to dam; to choke, stop up”) “appears untenable on the ground both of form and sense”. The noun is derived from the verb.

noun/ˈstaɪfl̩/Received-Pronunciation/ˈstaɪf(ə)l/General-American
  1. The joint between the femur and tibia in the hind leg of various four-legged mammals, especially horses, corresponding to the knee in humans.

  2. A bone disease of this region.

Where this word comes from

The noun is derived from Middle English stifle (“joint between the femur and tibia of a quadruped”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain, probably derived from Anglo-Norman estive (“leg”), and Old French estive (“leg”) (compare Old French estival (“boot, shoe”)). The verb is derived from the noun.

verb/ˈstaɪfl̩/Received-Pronunciation/ˈstaɪf(ə)l/General-American
  1. To cause (a dog, horse, or other four-legged mammal) to dislocate or sprain its stifle joint.

    transitive
Where this word comes from

The noun is derived from Middle English stifle (“joint between the femur and tibia of a quadruped”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain, probably derived from Anglo-Norman estive (“leg”), and Old French estive (“leg”) (compare Old French estival (“boot, shoe”)). The verb is derived from the noun.

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Definitions, grammatical labels, IPA, etymology and examples: Wiktionary contributors, extracted by Kaikki / Wiktextract. Adapted under CC BY-SA 4.0. Selected fields and authored examples are shown; third-party quotations and audio are omitted. See contributor history.

Last enriched 2026-09-10. Definitions are in English. Romanizations are shown when supplied by the source; syllable estimates are omitted for unsupported scripts.